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Santa Maria della Spina is a small church in the Italian city of Pisa. The church, erected around 1230 in the Pisan Gothic style, and enlarged after 1325,〔 P. 68.〕 was originally known as Santa Maria di Pontenovo for the newer bridge〔Pontenovo means new bridge in Italian, to distinguish it from the first bridge of the town which was called ''Pontevecchio'' (Old Bridge).〕 that existed nearby, collapsed in the 15th century, and was never rebuilt. The new name of ''Spina'' ("thorn") derives from the presence of a thorn, allegedly part of the crown dressed by Christ on the Cross, brought here in 1333. In 1871 the church was dismantled and rebuilt on a higher level due to dangerous infiltration of water from the Arno river. The church was altered in the process, however, and John Ruskin, who visited Pisa in 1872, was outraged about it. The church of Santa Maria della Spina has always been administered by the city, except for short interruptions in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries when it fell to the responsibility of the local hospital. ==Exterior== The church is one of the most outstanding Gothic edifices of Europe: it has a rectangular plant, with an external facing wholly composed of marble, laid in polychrome bands. The exterior appearance is marked by cusps, tympani and tabernacles, together with a complicated sculpture decoration with tarsiae, rose-windows and numerous statues from the main Pisane artists of the 14th century. These include Lupo di Francesco, Andrea Pisano with his sons Nino and Tommaso, and Giovanni di Balduccio. The façade has two gates with lintelled arches. Among these lies the tabernacle with the statues of ''Madonna with the Child'' and two ''Angels'', attributed to Giovanni Pisano. Two niches open in the upper part of the façade: these houses the statue of Christ among the two ''Annunciation'' ones, and two other angels. The right side has also a rich decoration with cusps and thirteen statues of the Apostles and Christ, from Lupo's workshop. The small sculptures portraying ''Saints'' and ''Angels'' over the tympani are from Nino Pisano's workshop, while the niche in the right pillar has a ''Madonna with Child'' by Giovanni di Balduccio. The back side has three round arches with simple windows. The tympani are decorated with the Evangelists' symbols, intervalled by niches with the statues of the Saints Peter, Paul and John the Baptist. The high pyramid-like spires end with the statues of the Madonna with Child between two angels, by Nino Pisano. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Santa Maria della Spina」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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